Succinct has achieved real-time zero-knowledge proving for Ethereum blocks in under 12 seconds using their SP1 “Hypercube” zkVM. The milestone represents a significant advancement in the zero-knowledge space, with optimizations in multilinear polynomials and CUDA kernels. However, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin outlined remaining limitations, including the need for formal verification and energy efficiency improvements. Discussions have also focused on decentralization and proving capacity in the Ethereum community.

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